In-vitro study of Radioprotection Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Exposure to MRC-5 Fibroblastic Cell lines with 6MV Photon Beams Using MTT Assay

Introduction: Recently Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) are being checked as interventional treatments in biological systems. The scavenging of free radicals by nanoparticles performance is the inhibition of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Ionizing radiations can prevent the proliferation and differentiation of cells and even cause apoptosis. CONPs, as radioprotection, can protect the healthy tissues of people who receive radiotherapy, as well as radiation workers and others exposed to radiation. In this study MRC-5 and MCF-7 cell lines treated with the CONPs were exposed to 6 MV photon beams.   Materials and Methods: Characterization of CONPs was determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and spectrophotometer. The non-toxic concentration of nanoceria was determined by MTT assay on MRC-5 and MCF- 7 cells. Then the cells were treated at 0, 5, 10, 30, 50, 70 μM in non-toxic concentrations of nanoceria and exposed to 6MV photon beam radiation with dose of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 200 cGy. For this aim, a plexiglass phantom with dimension of 40 × 40 × 1 cm3 was built. Cell viability was determined 24 hours after incubation. Fluctuation of cell viability due to changes in the concentration of nanoceria was investigated among different groups with a confidence level of 0.05.   Results: Characterization of CONPs was determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and spectrophotometer. The non-toxic concentration of nanoceria was determined by MTT assay on MRC-5 and MCF-7 cells. Then the cells were treated at 0, 5, 10, 30, 50, 70 μM in non-toxic concentrations of nanoceria and exposed to 6MV photon beam radiation with dose of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 200 cGy. For this aim, a plexiglass phantom with dimension of 40 × 40 × 1 cm3 was built. Cell viability was determined 24 hours after incubation. Fluctuation of cell viability due to changes in the concentration of nanoceria was investigated among different groups with a confidence level of 0.05.   Conclusion: By using cerium oxide nanoparticles in targeted radiotherapy, it is possible to reduce the probability of deterministic and stochastic damage, such as secondary cancers after radiotherapy.